Finance Case Study

Educator: Mr. Konstantinos Kanellopoulos, MSc (L. S. E. ), M. B. A. COURSE: MBA-680-50-SUIII12 Corporate Financial Theory SEMESTER: Summer Session III Case Study The Many Different Kinds of Debt (arrangements) Konstantinos Kanellopoulos 22nd August 2012 CASE STUDY ON The various sorts of obligation It was one of Morse’s most baffling cases. That morning Rupert Thorndike, the despotic CEO of Thorndike Oil, was discovered dead in a pool of blood on his room floor. He had been shot through the head, yet the entryway and windows were rushed within and there was no indication of the homicide weapon. Morse searched futile for intimations in Thorndike’s office.He needed to take another tack. He chose to explore the monetary conditions encompassing Thorndike’s death. The company’s capital structure was as per the following: †¢ 5% debentures: $250 million presumptive worth. The securities developed in 10 years and offered a yield of 12%. †¢ Stock: 30 mill ion offers, which shut at $9 an offer the day preceding the homicide. Recently Thorndike had straight dismissed a proposal by T. Spoone Dickens to purchase the entirety of the basic stock for $10 an offer. With Thorndike off the beaten path, it gave the idea that Dickens’s offer would be acknowledged, mush to the benefit of Thorndike Oil’s different shareholders[1].Thorndike’s two nieces, Doris and Patsy, and his nephew John all had considerable interests in Thorndike Oil and had harshly couldn't help contradicting Thorndike’s excusal of Dickens’s offer. Their stakes are appeared in the accompanying table: | |5% Debentures (Face Value) |Shares of Stock | |Doris |$4 million |1. 2 million | |John |0. | |Patsy |0 |1. 5 | All obligation gave by Thorndike Oil would be paid off at face esteem if Dickens’s offer experienced. Morse continued returning to the issue of intention. Which niece or nephew, he pondered remained to increase most by taking o ut Thorndike and permitting Dickens’s offer to succeed? Assist Morse with explaining the case. Which of Thorndike’s family members remained to increase most from his demise? Arrangements THE SHOCKING DEMISE OF MR. THORNDIKEMinicase arrangement, Chapter 25 Principles of Corporate Finance, ninth Edition R. A. Brealey, S. C. Myers and F. Allen After the cadaver was evacuated, police examiners came to tidy the room for fingerprints. Morse realized they would discover nothing. He strolled down the marble flight of stairs of Rupert Thorndike’s house and into the framed library. He sat at a table before the chimney, hardly seeing the work of art over it, Monet’s representation of the unbelievable John D. Thorndike at Giverny. He turned on his PC. Thorndike Oil had three classes of protections extraordinary: $250 million of ebentures (face esteem), 30 million offers, and an issue of subjected convertible notes. Morse needed to compute the adjustment in the estima tion of every security since Thorndike was gone, and given the now close certain procurement of Thorndike Oil by T. Spoone Dickens. Table 1 reports Morse’s results. The notes sum up his thinking. With Table 1 close by, it was anything but difficult to compute the increments in esteem because of the homicide and coming about procurement. Obligation expanded by 39. 5% of presumptive worth. Normal stock expanded by $1. 00 for each offer, and every convertible note expanded from 103. 5% to 110% of assumed worth (from $1039. 50 to $1100 per bond). Morse added the additions to Doris, John and Patsy (see Table 2). At that point he went after his phone and dialed Chief Inspector Spillane. Thorndike Oil Table 1 Values of Thorndike Oil Securities Before and After the Murder | |Before |After | |Debt |$151. 25 million, |$250 million | |60. % of assumed worth |100% of presumptive worth | |Equity |$270 million, |$300 million, | |$9 per share |$10 per share | |Convertible notes |103. 95% of |110% of | |face esteem |face esteem |Notes 1. Obligation, previously: PV at 12% of the 5% coupon for a long time, in addition to reimbursement of presumptive worth (100%) at year 10, is 60. 5% of the $250 million assumed worth, or $151. 25 million. Obligation, after: basically chance free. The obligation will be reimbursed quite expeditiously and should exchange extremely near assumed worth. The addition in advertise esteem is 1 †. 605 = . 395, or 39. 5% of assumed worth. 2. Offers: Share cost increments from $9. 00 to $10. 00. 3. Convertible notes: Conversion esteem before is 110 offers at $9 per share = $990 per $1,000 note. The bonds were exchanging at 5% over transformation worth, or 1. 05? 90 = $1,039. 50. Note holders will change over preceding the takeover, accepting 110? 10 = $1,100. (On the off chance that they don’t convert, they get just $1,000. ) as it were, the notes increment by 110 †103. 95 = 6. 05% of presumptive worth. Thorndike Oil Table 2 Who Ga ined Most? (Figures in millions) | |Doris |John |Patsy | |Debt |$1. 8 |0 |(. 395? 4) | |Stock |$1. 2 |$0. 5 |$1. | |(1. 00 ? 1. 2) |(1. 00 ? .5) |(1. 00 ? 1. 5) | |Convertible notes |0 |$0. 3025 |$0. 1815 |(. 0605 ? 5) |(. 0605 ? ) | |___________ |_________ | |Total |$2. 78 |$0. 8025 |$1. 6815 | â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ [1] Rupert Thorndike’s offers would go to an altruistic establishment shaped to propel the investigation of budgetary designing and its essential job in world harmony and progress. The chiefs of the foundation’s gift were not expected to contradict the takeover. Account Case Study Teacher: Mr. Konstantinos Kanellopoulos, MSc (L. S. E. ), M. B. A. COURSE: MBA-680-50-SUIII12 Corporate Financial Theory SEMESTER: Summer Session III Case Study The Many Different Kinds of Debt (arrangements) Konstantinos Kanellopoulos 22nd August 2012 CASE STUDY ON The various sorts of obligation It was one of Morse’s most baffling cases. That morning Rupert Thorndike, the despotic CEO of Thorndike Oil, was discovered dead in a pool of blood on his room floor. He had been shot through the head, however the entryway and windows were darted within and there was no indication of the homicide weapon. Morse searched futile for hints in Thorndike’s office.He needed to take another tack. He chose to explore the money related conditions encompassing Thorndike’s death. The company’s capital structure was as per the following: †¢ 5% debentures: $250 million assumed worth. The securities developed in 10 years and offered a yield of 12%. †¢ Stock: 30 millio n offers, which shut at $9 an offer the day preceding the homicide. Recently Thorndike had straight dismissed a proposal by T. Spoone Dickens to purchase the entirety of the regular stock for $10 an offer. With Thorndike off the beaten path, it created the impression that Dickens’s offer would be acknowledged, mush to the benefit of Thorndike Oil’s different shareholders[1].Thorndike’s two nieces, Doris and Patsy, and his nephew John all had generous interests in Thorndike Oil and had harshly couldn't help contradicting Thorndike’s excusal of Dickens’s offer. Their stakes are appeared in the accompanying table: | |5% Debentures (Face Value) |Shares of Stock | |Doris |$4 million |1. 2 million | |John |0. | |Patsy |0 |1. 5 | All obligation gave by Thorndike Oil would be paid off at face esteem if Dickens’s offer experienced. Morse continued returning to the issue of thought process. Which niece or nephew, he pondered remained to increase most by taking out Thorndike and permitting Dickens’s offer to succeed? Assist Morse with unraveling the case. Which of Thorndike’s family members remained to increase most from his passing? Arrangements THE SHOCKING DEMISE OF MR. THORNDIKEMinicase arrangement, Chapter 25 Principles of Corporate Finance, ninth Edition R. A. Brealey, S. C. Myers and F. Allen After the body was evacuated, police controllers came to tidy the room for fingerprints. Morse realized they would discover nothing. He strolled down the marble flight of stairs of Rupert Thorndike’s manor and into the framed library. He sat at a table before the chimney, barely seeing the canvas over it, Monet’s picture of the unbelievable John D. Thorndike at Giverny. He turned on his PC. Thorndike Oil had three classes of protections remarkable: $250 million of ebentures (face esteem), 30 million offers, and an issue of subjected convertible notes. Morse needed to compute the adjustment in the estimation of every security since Thorndike was gone, and given the now close certain obtaining of Thorndike Oil by T. Spoone Dickens. Table 1 reports Morse’s results. The notes sum up his thinking. With Table 1 close by, it was anything but difficult to figure the increments in esteem because of the homicide and coming about securing. Obligation expanded by 39. 5% of assumed worth. Regular stock expanded by $1. 00 for every offer, and every convertible note expanded from 103. 5% to 110% of presumptive worth (from $1039. 50 to $1100 per bond). Morse added the additions to Doris, John and Patsy (see Table 2). At that point he went after his mobile phone and dialed Chief Inspector Spillane. Thorndike Oil Table 1 Values of Thorndike Oil Securities Before and After the Murder | |Before |After | |Debt |$151. 25 million, |$250 million | |60. % of presumptive worth |100% of assumed worth | |Equity |$270 million, |$300 million, | |$9 per share |$10 per share | |Convertible notes |103. 95% of |110% of | |face esteem |face esteem |Notes 1. Obligation, previously: PV at 12% of the 5% coupon for a long time, in addition to reimbursement of presumptive worth (100%) at year 10, is 60. 5% of the $250 million presumptive worth, or $151. 25 million. Obligation, after: basically hazard free. The obligation will be reimbursed quite expeditiously and should exchange near presumptive worth. The increase in showcase esteem is 1 †. 605 = . 395, or 39. 5% of presumptive worth. 2. Offers: Share cost increments from $9. 00 to $10. 00. 3. Convertible notes: Conversion esteem before is 110 offers at $9 per share = $990 per $1,000 note. The bonds were exchanging at 5% over transformation worth, or 1. 05? 90 = $1,039. 50. Note holders will change over before the takeover, accepting 110? 10 = $1,100. (On the off chance that they don’t convert, they get just $1,000. ) at the end of the day, the notes in

Visit The Cosmic Pillars of Creation, Again

Visit The Cosmic Pillars of Creation, Again Do you recollect the first occasion when you saw the Pillars of Creation? This astronomical item and the spooky pictures of it that appeared in January 1995, made by stargazers utilizing the Hubble Space Telescope, caught people groups minds with their excellence. The PIllars are a piece of an a starbirth locale like the Orion Nebula and others in our own world where hot youthful stars are warming up billows of gas and dust and where heavenly EGGs (short for dissipating vaporous globules) are as yet shaping stars that may sometime illuminate that piece of the galaxy.â â The mists that make up the Pillars are seeded with youthful protostellar objects-basically starbabies-concealed away from our view. Or on the other hand, at any rate they were until space experts built up an approach to utilize infrared-delicate instruments to glance through those mists to get at the infants inside. The picture here is the consequence of Hubbles capacity to peer past the cloak that conceals starbirth from our meddlesome eyes. The view is amazing.â Presently Hubble has been pointed again toward the well known columns. Its Wide-Field 3 camera caught the multi-hued sparkle of the clouds gas mists, uncovered wispy ringlets of dim inestimable residue, and takes a gander at the rust-hued elephants’ trunk-formed columns. The telescopes  visible-light picture it took gave a refreshed, more honed perspective on the scene that so got everyones consideration in 1995.â Notwithstanding this new noticeable light picture, Hubble has given a nitty gritty view that youd get in the event that you could strip away the billows of gas and residue concealing the heavenly babies in the columns, which is the thing that an infrared light view enables you to do.  Infrared enters a significant part of the darkening residue and gas and discloses an increasingly new perspective on the columns, changing them into wispy outlines set against a foundation peppered with stars. Those infant stars, covered up in the noticeable light view, show up unmistakably as they structure inside the columns themselves. Despite the fact that the first picture was named the Pillars of Creation, this new picture shows that they are additionally mainstays of demolition.  How accomplishes that work?  There are hot, youthful stars out of the field of view in these pictures, and they emanate solid radiation which decimates the residue and gas in these columns. Basically, the columns are being disintegrated by solid breezes from those huge youthful stars. The spooky pale blue cloudiness around the thick edges of the columns in the noticeable light view is material that is being warmed by splendid youthful stars and dissipating endlessly. Along these lines, its altogether conceivable that the youthful stars that havent cleared their columns could be interfered with from framing further as their more seasoned kin rip apart the gas and residue they have to form.â Incidentally, a similar radiation that destroys the columns is likewise answerable for illuminating them and making the gas and residue gleam with the goal that Hubble can see them.â These arent the main billows of gas and residue that are being etched by the activity of hot, youthful stars. Stargazers find such mind boggling mists around the Milky Way Galaxy-and in close by universes also. We realize they exist in such places as the Carina nebula(in the southern side of the equator sky) which likewise contains a dynamite supermassive star going to explode called Eta Carinae.  And, as space experts use Hubble and different telescopes to consider these spots over significant stretches of time, they can follow movements in the mists (apparently by planes of material streaming ceaselessly from the shrouded hot youthful stars, for instance), and watch as the powers of star creation do their thing.â The Pillars of Creation lie around 6,500 light-years from us and is a piece of a bigger haze of gas and residue called the Eagle Nebula, in the heavenly body Serpens.

Accounting Method Measures The Performance Of A Company - 550 Words

Accounting Method That Measures The Performance Of A Company (Essay Sample) Content: Accrual AccountingNameInstitutional Affiliation By definition accrual accounting is an accounting method that measures the performance of a company by recognizing economic events regardless of whether cash transactions occurs or not. The idea behind this, is that economics events are matched by matching the revenue expense at the time of the occurrence of a transaction rather than when the payment is made. This method give room for the cash inflows to be combined with the future expected cash flows thus giving a more detailed and accurate financial position of a firm. Cash accounting is the opposite of accrual accounting and only recognizes transactions at the point of exchange.Selling credit and projects that give a firm revenue streams for a long period of time will likely affect the companys financial position at the point of transaction, hence it makes sense such events be recorded in the financial statements. Accrual accounting is a standard accounting practice f or most companies with the exception of small companies. Though this method gives an accurate financial position of a firm, its complex to execute and hence a company will have to incur high expenses to execute it. Apart from accuracy accrual accounting provides a better measure of the profitability of a firm during a specific time period, this is because the results of accrual accounting is an income statement. For example if a company sell a television set to a customer who decides to pay using a credit card, the cash and the accrual methods will generate different financial statements. The revenue to be generated from the sale of the television will only be reflected in cash account when the money is received. Hence if the payment will mature in one month the revenue might not recognized until the month ends. On the oth...

Dominos Marketing Plan - 4675 Words

Domino’s Pizza Goes Natural Nicole Phillips MKG310 – Introduction to Marketing Colorado State University – Global Campus Professor Michael Aubry October 25, 2015 Executive Summary The pizza industry is a mature and highly competitive market, while the organic/natural and vegetarian market is one that is seldom addressed, yet consumers are increasingly showing their interests in such foods. Domino’s Pizza has the opportunity to be an innovator in this groundbreaking field, and by only seeing a slight increase in costs of sales and advertisement, creating and releasing menu items that are organic/natural based or vegetarian will help Domino’s dominate the competition, while gaining three new market segments and positive PR. The†¦show more content†¦Situational Analysis The following situational analysis contains a thorough examination of Domino’s Pizza’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats using a SWOT analysis and a comparative chart that scrutinizes Domino’s current business situation and social trends on the horizon versus the competition (Grewal amp; Levy, 2014). The analysis overall will highlight Domino’s positive attributes as well as potential components that could prevent goal achievements, prospects the company should consider, and inherent threats that the pizza chain may face (Grewal amp; Levy, 2014). SWOT Analysis Figure 1 displays the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that Domino’s is facing. One of Domino’s main strengths comes from their emphasis on innovation technology, which contributed to approximately 50% of U.S sales in 2014 being placed through a type of digital channel offered by the company, and reach a revenue of $4 billion annually in global digital sales (Our Strengths, 2014; Zacks Investment Research, 2015). In a time where companies are failing to be honest and transparent in their operations, Domino’s vows to remain transparent and brutally honest, even if it involves running a national ad campaign to show consumers you’ve realized the old recipe produced bad quality pizzas, but you’re dedicated to creating a better pizza based on consumer feedback and opinions, like Domino’s did in 2010 after they tied for last placeShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For Domino s Pizza951 Words   |  4 PagesThe main goal of markeî€ ng plan is to develop and establish a direcî€ on and detailed strategy of markeî€ ng eorts. 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Essay Race and Racism in Othello - 1793 Words

In What Way Would A Modern Audience React To The Way Race And Racism Is Portrayed In Othello? In the Sixteenth century, as we see clearly from Othello and other works of both Shakespeare and Cinthios original version of Othello, race was a topic of great debate and discussion. Today, in the twenty-first century the debate retains its controversy and passion. However, attitudes towards race have taken a dramatic turn during the last century. In the developed world people are now living in an increasingly cosmopolitan society would undoubtedly be more tolerant and would reject or even be offended by racial discrimination to any person or sections of the community. Openly racist people today are seen as outcasts. Taking this into†¦show more content†¦On the face of it, Othello seems to be the tragic hero of the play. 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Critical Reasoning Cycle Appertains Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Critical Reasoning Cycle Appertains. Answer: Introduction Critical reasoning cycle appertains to the stages that registered nurses are supposed to follow when rendering their services. Critical reasoning can be termed as a process which is utilized by nurses to collect information, process it, apprehend it, implement the substantial interventions, carry out an evaluation of the results and then gain experience from the par said process. The clinical reason is subject to the nurse's attitude and believed philosophies. Critical reasoning cycle is important due to the fact that it translates to a positive outcome for the patients. Good clinical reasoning skills aid in appropriate diagnosis, proper treatment and effective management of any complications that may arise. The essay will fully utilize the clinical reasoning cycle in looking at the clinical decisions that are made by Registered nurses. The clinical thinking cycle will involve an eight stage process used by a student in his third year during a clinical placement session. In addition, the essay will reflect on the decision that was arrived at, the experiences of the student nurses and the relevant recommendations that are imperative to Registered Nurses in their future practices. Consider the Situation of the Patient. The patient who has been taken in the medical surgery ward is by the name of Mrs. Sunning Hill who is 90 years old. Her weight is at 76kgs. She has an abdominal wound that is oozing and with an underneath odor for a period of 8days. The patient has been in the hospital for a period of 4days. She also has a hearing impairment. Collect Information At this stage, the Registered Nurse needs to gather sufficient information that is significant in the situation at hand. The information is pertinent in the providence of high standards and safe nursing care services. The information will entail the medical history of the patient, medications that were administered, the hospital journey of the patient, care plans and the situation of the patient today. The information should also not be limited to the assessments done by nurses when they come onto a shift. A bowel tumor has been discovered after a post surgery diagnosis. The tumor has been linked to the fistula. Faecal draining has been carried out through an ostomy appliance. The use of the appliance has the side effects of irritating the skin surrounding the area (Daily, 2011). The care plan is that surgical inputs will not be utilized, palliative care, Physio and SW will be administered through referrals. The observations that are carried out on the patients indicate that the conditions that are prevailing for the patient are normal in reference to the ADS chart. As per the previous knowledge appertaining to nutrition and dietetics, the patient must be encouraged to ensure a full diet and ensure that he sips plenty of liquids frequently (Bruhin et al. 2014). The fistula device being used needs to be monitored to ensure that no leakages are reported. The student nurse empties the fistula appliance and to document it accurately on the fluid balance chart. The urine and the bowel discharges should also be assessed(Fink et al.2012).The student nurse has knowledge on the apt urine output which can be attained by multiplying the standard output of 0.5m/s by the weight registered by the patient. The identification of this concept will make the student nurse conversant with the amount of urine output for each given hour (Foxley, 2011). 38m/s per given hour is the appropriate urine output for the patient. The student nurse used the fluid balance chart to review the calculated urine output. It was identified that in a period of 12 hours, the fluid balance chart was completed. The student nurse noticed that the patient had only retained a small amount of urine most. This was confirmed after a scan was carried out and it identified that 750mls of urine was still retained. It was certain to the student nurse that this was uncommon given that in her course, she had learnt that the bladder can only hold up to 600mls (Casey, 2011). The bladder was holding a larger amount than normal. It was thus significant for the student nurse to call upon the Registered nurse to help her in carrying out critical baseline observations on the patient. It was registered that the patient has a pulse rate of 115 beats in every minute. The body temperature was reported at 39 degrees. With the results, the student nurse estimated the deterioration of the patient at a score of four with the aid of the adult deterioration detection system chart(Preece, Horswill, Hill,Watson,2011). It was also observed that the patient had a score of zero on phlebitis. It has been arrived at that the abdominal fistula is responsible for the excoriation of the skin when it leaks. The patient is also approved for a residential care and so that also should be looked at. There is also the need to monitor the fluid intake and the amount and nature of the output. All the information that was collected was properly documented and handed over to the doctor in charge for a more detailed investigation and for an informed treatment. Process Information At this stage, analyzing the data is considered. A urinalysis test was carried out and the dipstick indicated a PH of 4.0- 7.9 only and not identifying any other results. The results were not sufficient, but the high body temperatures and the high pulse rate was an indication that the patient may have urinary infections. The surgical site had irritated skin due to the frequent leakages. The high body temperatures may have resulted from the administration of paracetamol that may hinder the verification of the extent of the infection ( Nazarko, 2014). The information that relates to the documentation of the urine output indicates that the information was sufficient and this shows that the patients condition may not have been managed sufficiently. In addition, the fact that the patient has a hearing impairment is an indication that proper communication strategies and support gadgets need to be utilized throughout the process. The other fact is that there is need to administer residentia l care for the patient appertaining to the prolonged medical care that she is supposed to be exposed to. The abdominal fistula may be due to dehydration, weight loss or sepsis. The urinary infections may have resulted from nosocomial infection (Gesmundo, 2016). It is absolute that the urinary infection will lead to an infection of the kidney (OShea, 2011). At the end, a kidney failure may be experienced. Identify the problem At this stage, the clinical reasoning cycle has the role of helping the nurse identify the facts that appertain to the situation that the patient is in (Levitt-Jones, 2012).The patient has had a urinary tract infection due to the existence of the abdominal fistula. And also she has a wound on the leg due to the irritation that the leakages from the urinary tract cause (Steggall, 2011). The situation of the patient is due to the delayed treatment of the abdominal fistula. Establish Goals At this point, the nurse is supposed to pose the goals that need to be achieved at the end of the diagnosis and the treatment of the patient. The primary goal is to treat the primary infection that is the abdominal fistula and also to properly document the urinary output (Slater, 2015). In addition, the student nurse should ensure that the patient is able to be cleared and allowed to receive residential care and also the communication of the patient looked at. Lastly, the bladder should be properly drained of the urine that it is holding. Take Action This stage involves the nurses taking informed actions and coming up with care plans for the patient. After establishing the goals to be achieved, it was the responsibility of the Registered Nurse and the Student nurse to converse with the nurse who is in charge of the department and to place the next course of action to him or her. After talking to the nurse in charge about the patient, the student nurse had to inform the doctor of the current situation of the patient and also to review the most likely antibiotics that should be administered to the patient. The appliance that was causing a leakage was to be removed and replaced by another ostomy appliance that could reduce the infection of the wound on the leg (Wilde et al.2017). Another bladder scan was to be undertaken to determine if the patient was having the appropriate urine discharge. In addition, the wound on the leg needed to be checked so as to verify if the further infection was taking place (Bradley et al.2013). Evaluation At this point, it will be essential for the student nurse to look into the actions that were passed. The process that is to be involved should be evaluated to look at its efficiency to be able to provide quality services to the patient. The doctors review called for the administration of the intravenous antibiotics and the insertion of the cannula. It was then seen that the patient retained no urine and the wound was well dressed and less infected. In addition, the residential care was significant in that it could aid in the monitoring of the situation of the patient and deal with any further complications that may arise (Choi et al.2014).The patient was later on to be subjected to Physio and SW to look into the tumor in the abdomen. Reflect on the Process/ Recommendations At this stage, which is the last step of the clinical reasoning cycle, it is imperative to reflect on the decisions that the nurses and the doctor arrived at regarding the patient. It is also important for recommendations to be made. That is recommendations that are vital for the future in the case that such a scenario evolves. The student was conversant with the Gibbs reflective cycle (Gibbs, 1988) to review the situation that the patient has. The student nurse was able to identify concerns that should be worked on in future. For instance, why should be a patient be infected continuously for 4 days with an ostomy appliance that was causing leakages that were irritating the skin and as result causing to a wound on the leg. The recommendation was that proper documentation should be carried out especially on the urine output and it should be indicated on the chart for a more informed decision. In addition, the care givers should make sure that such patients are able to access palliative care for quick recoveries. The information given should be critically being thought out so that proper treatment is given to the patient. In conclusion, the clinical reasoning cycle should always be involved in the whole process of diagnosis and treatment (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2016). All the stages are imperative in the process and should be followed strategically per a patients situation. References Bradley, M. J., DuBose, J. J., Scalea, T. M., Holcomb, J. B., Shrestha, B., Okoye, O., ... Ivatury, R. R. (2013). Independent predictors of enteric fistula and abdominal sepsis after damage control laparotomy: results from the prospective AAST Open Abdomen registry.JAMA surgery,148(10), 947-955. Bruhin, A., Ferreira, F., Chariker, M., Smith, J., Runkel, N. (2014). Systematic review and evidence based recommendations for the use of negative pressure wound therapy in the open abdomen.International Journal of Surgery,12(10), 1105-1114. Casey,G.(2011). Incontinence and retentioan. How the bladder misfunction. Nursing New Zealand(wellington,NZ),17(7),26-31. Choi, J. H., Jeon, B. G., Choi, S. G., Han, E. C., Ha, H. K., Oh, H. K., ... Park, K. J. (2014). Rectourethral fistula: a systemic review of and experiences with various surgical treatment methods.Annals of Coloproctology,30(1), 35-41. Dailly, S.(2011). Prevention of the indwelling catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Nursing Older People,23(2), pp.14. Fink, R., Gilmartin, H., Richard, A., Capezio, E., Boltz, M., Wald, H.(2012). Indwelling urinary catheter management and catheter associated urinary t6ract infection prevention practices in nurses improving care for health system elders hospitals. American Journal of Infection Control,40(8), pp.715-720. Foxley, S.(2011). Indwelling urinary catheters. Accurate monitoring of urine output. British Journal of Nursing,20(9),pp.564-569. Gesmundo, M.(2016). Managing indwelling urinary catheters.Kai Tiaki; Nursing New Zealand,22(6),pp.14. Gibbs, G.(1988). Learning by doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Oxford Polytechnic Further education Unit: Oxford, England. Levett-Jones, T.(2012). Clinical Reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Sydney, Australia. Nazarko, L.(2014). Does paracetamol help or hinder healing in bacterial infections? British Journal of Community Nursing,19(7). Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia .(2016). National Competency Standards for the Registered Nurse. O'Shea, L.(2011). Diagnosing urinary tract infections. Practice Nurse,40(9).pp.20. Slater, N. J., Bokkerink, W. J., Konijn, V., Bleichrodt, R. P., van Goor, H. (2015). Safety anddurability of one-stage repair of abdominal wall defects with enteric fistulas.Annals of surgery,261(3), 553-557. Steggall, M.J.(2011). Urine samples and urinalysis. Nursing Standard ( Royal College of Nursing) Great Britain),22(14-16),pp.22. Wilde,M.H.,Dougherty,M.c., Rose,B.(2017). Awareness of urine flow in people with long-term urinary catheters. Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 22(2),pp.164-174.

Spread of Buddhism in China free essay sample

Document Based Essay Buddhism is a religion founded in India by Buddha in the sixth century B. C. E. , and was later brought to China. The spread of Buddhism to China was acceptable by most people but not all. The missing document should be written by someone from lower class because one could want to know how Buddhism and the spread of it affected them and most other documents are written by scholars. Even though the documents written by Han Yu and Emperor Wu say that Buddhism is not good for China others seem to disagree. Anonymous Chinese scholar and Zong Mi write that Buddha should be respected and the rest of the documents are written by Buddhists, who like the Chinese scholar and Zong Mi think that the spread of Buddhism in China. The first two documents are mostly about Buddhism and how to practice it. The first document is all about The Four Noble Truths. We will write a custom essay sample on Spread of Buddhism in China or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Four Noble Truths are said to provide a conceptual framework for the entire Buddhist thought. Zhi Dun, Chinese scholar, author, confidant of Chinese aristocrats and high officials, and the writer of he second document talks about reincarnation and reaching Nirvana. Document 1 doesnt speak about Buddhism spreading in China at all, however Dun mentions that whosoever in China serves Buddha and observes the commandments will enter Nirvana. Therefore Dun thinks that practicing Buddhism is worthy for Chinese and with that supports the spread of Buddhism. The documents are both written form a partisans point of view. Documents written by Han Yu and Emperor Wu strongly suggest that Buddhism hurt Tang China. They both think that Buddhism shouldVe never spread to China. Yu, the leading Confucian scholar and official at the Tang imperial court, is saying that if Buddha showed up in China in 9th century he would be dismissed. Buddha didnt speak Chinese and wore clothes ofa different fashion. If he were to show up to Chinese court he would be ushered to the borders of China. Tang Emperor Wu was talking about how Buddhists abandoned their duties to practice Buddhism and others were suffering from it. To quote him Now if even one man fails to work the fields, someone must go hungry; if one woman does not tend her Silkworms, omeone will go cold. The Emperor says that Buddhism drains the peoples strength, pilfers Their wealth, causes people to abandon their lords and parents for the company of teachers, and serves Man and wife with its monastic decrees. They both obviously are not happy with Buddhism in China, even though because of different reasons. In documents 3 and 5 Buddhism is respected, the writers think that the spread of Buddhism to China was gre at. Anonymous Chinese scholar answers requests questioning Buddhism in a way that defends Buddhism. He said that the instructions ot the Contucian classics do not contain eve rything. When the interviewer Judges monks because some dont marry all their lives the scholar answers that monks accumulate goodness and wisdom in exchange for the Joys of having a wife and children. Zong MI, the writer of the fifth document, and also a leading Buddhist scholar, thinks that not only Buddha but also Confucius and Laozi should be respected. They tried to make perfect societies with encouraging people to do good, punishing bad ones, and rewarding good ones. Zong Mi and the anonymous Chinese scholar are both partisans and support the spread of Buddhism in China. Most documents are saying that the spread of Buddhism to China was a great thing; the only two writers who disagreed are Han Yu and Tang Emperor Wu. Like mentioned before one of them thought that Buddha was not dressed appropriately, and the other thought that people leaving their Jobs to practice Buddhism damaged others. Documents 1 and 2 talk about Buddhism overall and documents 4 and 6 are very supportive and respective of Buddhism.

Pros and Cons of Gun Ownership in the U.S.

Pros and Cons of Gun Ownership in the U.S. About 80 million Americans, representing half of U.S. homes, own more than 223 million guns. And yet, 60% of Democrats and 30% of Republicans favor stronger gun ownership laws. Historically, states have regulated laws governing individual ownership and use of guns. State gun laws vary widely from loose regulations in many southern, western and rural states to restrictive laws in the largest cities. In the 1980s, though, the National Rifle Association increased pressure on Congress to loosen gun control laws and restrictions. In June 2010, however, the Supreme Court struck down Chicagos restrictive gun-control laws, declaring that that Americans in all 50 states have a constitutional right to possess firearms for self-defense. Gun Rights and the Second Amendment Gun rights are granted by the Second Amendment, which reads: A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. All political viewpoints agree that the Second Amendment guarantees the right of the government to maintain an armed militia to protect the nation. But disagreement historically existed as to whether or not it guarantees the right of all persons to own/use guns any place and at any time.. Collective Rights vs. Individual Rights Until the mid-20th century, liberal constitutional scholars held a Collective Rights position, that the Second Amendment only protects the collective right of the states to maintain armed militias. Conservative scholars held an Individual Rights position that the Second Amendment also grants an individuals right to own guns as private property, and that most restrictions on buying and carrying guns impede individual rights. Gun Control and the World The U.S. has the highest rate of gun ownership and of gun homicide in the developed world, per a 1999 Harvard School of Public Health study. In 1997, Great Britain banned private ownership of almost all handguns. And in Australia, Prime Minister John Howard commented after a 1996 mass killings in that country that we took action to limit the availability of funs, and we showed a national resolved that the gun culture that is such a negative in the U.S. would never become a negative in our country. Wrote Washington Post columnist E.J. Dionne in 2007, Our country is a laughingstock on the rest of the planet because of our devotion to unlimited gun rights. District of Columbia vs. Heller Two U.S. Supreme Court rulings, District of Columbia vs. Heller (2008) and McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010), effectively struck down or nullified restrictive gun ownership and use laws for individuals. In 2003, six Washington D.C. residents filed a lawsuit with the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia challenging the constitutionality of Washington D.C.s Firearms Control Regulations Act of 1975, considered among the most restrictive in the U.S. Enacted in response to a horrifically high crime and gun violence rate, the D.C. law outlawed ownership of handguns, except for police officers and certain others. The D.C. law also specified that shotguns and rifles must be kept unloaded or dissembled, and with the trigger locked. (Read more about D.C. gun laws.) The federal District Court dismissed the lawsuit. The six litigants, led by Dick Heller, a Federal Judicial Center guard who wanted to keep a gun at home, appealed the dismissal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for D.C. On March 9, 2007, the federal Appeals court voted 2 to 1 to strike down the dismissal of the Heller suit. Wrote the majority: To summarize, we conclude that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to keep and bear arms... That is not to suggest that the government is absolutely barred from regulating the use and ownership of pistols. The NRA called the ruling a significant victory for individual... rights. The Brady Campaign to Prevent Handgun Violence called it judicial activism at its worst. Supreme Court Review of District of Columbia vs. Heller Both litigants and defendants appealed to the Supreme Court, which agreed to hear this landmark gun rights case. On March 18, 2008, the Court heard oral arguments from both sides. On June 26, 2008, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 to overturn the restrictive gun laws of Washington D.C., as depriving individuals of their right to own and use a gun in their own home and in federal enclaves, as guaranteed by the Second Amendment. McDonald v. City of Chicago On June 28, 2010, the U.S. Supreme Court resolved anmiguities created by its District of Columbia vs. Heller decision as to whether or not individual gun rights apply to all states, as well. Briefly, in striking down Chicagos strict handgun laws, the Court established, by vote of 5 to 4, that the right to keep and bear arms is a privilege of American citizenship that applies to the States. Background Political focus on U.S. gun control laws has increased since 1968 passage of the Gun Control Act, enacted after the assassinations of John F. and Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. Between 1985 and 1996, 28 states eased restrictions on concealed weapon carrying. As of 2000, 22 states allowed concealed guns to be carried almost anywhere, including places of worship. The following are the federal laws enacted to control/tax guns held by individuals: 1934 - National Firearms Act imposed a tax on the sale of machine guns and short-barrel firearms, in reaction public rage over gangster activity.1938 - Federal Firearms Act required licensing of gun dealers.1968 - Gun Control Act expanded licensing and record-keeping; banned felons and the mentally ill from buying guns; banned the mail order sale of guns.1972 - The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms was created to oversee federal regulation of guns.1986 - Firearms Owners Protection Act eased some gun sale restrictions, reflecting the growing influence of the NRA under President Reagan.1993 - Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act requires gun dealers to run background checks on purchasers. Establishes national database of prohibited gun owners.1994 - Violent Crime Control Act banned the sale of new assault weapons for ten years. The Act was sponsored by Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) and Rep. Carolyn McCarthy (D-NY). the Republican-led Congress allowed the law expire in 2004.2003 - Tiahrt Amendment protects gun dealers and manufacturers from certain lawsuits. 2007 - via the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, Congress closes loopholes in the national database after the mass shooting at Virginia Tech University. (For more info from 1791 to 1999, see A Brief History of Firearms Regulation in America by Robert Longley, About.com Govt Info Guide.) For More Restrictive Gun Laws Arguments in favor of more restrictive gun laws are: Societal needs for reasonable gun control lawsHigh rate of gun-related violence and deathSecond Amendment does not provide for individual gun rights Societal Needs for Reasonable Gun Control The federal, state and  local governments  enact laws to protect and defend the people and property of the U.S. Proponents of more restrictive gun ownership laws contend that under-regulation puts U.S. residents at unreasonable risk. A  1999 Harvard School of Public Health study  revealed that Americans feel less safe as more people in their community being to carry guns, and that 90% believe that regular citizens should be prohibited from bringing guns into most public places, including stadiums, restaurants, hospitals, college campuses and places of worship. U.S. residents have a right to reasonable protection from dangers, including danger from guns. Examples cited include the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting deaths of 32 students and teachers and the 1999 killings at Colorados Columbine High School of 13 students and teachers. High Rate of Gun-Related Crime Americans favoring more restrictive gun ownership/use laws believe that such measures will reduce gun-related crime, homicide and suicide in the U.S. About 80 million Americans, representing 50% of U.S homes, own 223 million guns , easily the highest private gun ownership rate of any country in the world. Gun use  in the United States is associated with the majority of homicides and over half the suicide,  per Wikipedia. More than  30,000  U.S. men, women and children die each year from gunshot wounds, the highest homicide rate from guns in the world. Of those 30,000 deaths, only about  1,500  are due to accidental shootings. Per the Harvard 1999 study, most Americans believe that U.S.  gun violence  and homicide would decrease by reducing the private ownership and use of guns. Constitution Does Not Provide for Individual Gun Rights ... nine federal appeals courts around the nation have adopted the collective rights view, opposing the notion that the amendment protects individual gun rights. The only exceptions are the Fifth Circuit, in New Orleans, and the District of Columbia Circuit,  per the New York Times. For hundreds of years, the prevailing opinion of Constitutional scholars has been that the Second Amendment does not address private gun ownership rights, but only guarantees the collective right of states to maintain militias. For Less Restrictive Gun Laws Arguments in favor of less restrictive gun laws include: Individual resistance to tyranny is a civil right guaranteed by the Second AmendmentSelf defenseRecreational use of guns Individual Resistance to Tyranny Is a Constitutional Right No one disputes that the intended purpose of the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is to empower U.S. residents to resist governmental tyranny. The controversy is whether that empowerment is intended to be on a individual or collective basis. Holders of the  Individual Rights  position, which is considered the conservative stance, believe that the Second Amendment gives private gun ownership and use to individuals as a basic civil right to protection from government tyranny, such as the tyranny faced by the founders of the United States. Per the  New York Times on May 6, 2007: There used to be an almost complete scholarly and judicial consensus that the Second Amendment protects only a collective right of the states to maintain militias. That consensus no longer exists - thanks largely to the work over the last 20 years of several leading liberal law professors, who have come to embrace the view that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to own guns. Self-Defense in Response to Crime and Violence Holders of the  Individual Rights  position believe that allowing increased private ownership and use of guns as self-protection is the effective response to controlling gun violence and homicide. The argument is if gun ownership is legally restricted, then all and only law-abiding Americans will be unarmed, and therefore would be the easy prey of criminals and law-breakers. Proponents of less restrictive gun laws cite a  number of instances in which stringent new laws  resulted in a dramatic increase, not decrease, in gun-related crimes and violence. Recreational Use of Guns In many states, majority of citizens contend that restrictive gun ownership/use laws impede safe hunting and shooting, which to them are important cultural traditions and popular recreational pursuits. For us, guns and hunting is a way of life, said Mr. Helms, the manager of Marstillers Gun Shop (in Morgantown, West Virginia) per the  New York Times on March 8, 2008. In fact, a  bill was recently passed  in the West Virginia legislature to allow hunting education classes in all schools where twenty or more students express interest. Where It Stands Gun control laws are difficult to pass in Congress because gun rights groups and lobbyists wield enormous influence on  Capitol Hill  via campaign contributions, and have had great success in defeating pro-gun control candidates. Explained the Center for Responsive Politics in 2007: Gun rights groups have given more than $17 million in... contributions to federal candidates and party committees since 1989. Nearly $15 million, or 85 percent of the total, has gone to Republicans. The  National Rifle Association  is by far the gun rights lobbys biggest donor, having contributed more than $14 million over the past 15 years. Gun control advocates... contribute far less money than their rivals a total of nearly $1.7 million since 1989, of which 94 percent went to Democrats. Per the Washington Post, in the 2006 elections: Republicans received 166 times as much money from pro-gun groups as from anti-gun groups. Democrats received three times as much from pro-gun as anti-gun groups. Congressional Democrats and Gun Laws A sizeable minority of Congressional Democrats are gun rights advocates, especially among those newly elected to office in 2006. Freshman senators who strongly favor gun rights include  Sen. Jim Webb (D-VA),  Sen. Bob Casey, Jr. (D-PA), and  Sen. Jon Tester (D-MT). Per the NRA, House members newly elected in 2006 include 24 pro-gun rights advocates: 11 Democrats and 13 Republicans. Presidential Politics and Gun Laws Statistically, Americans most likely to own guns are men, whites and southerners... not by coincidence, the demographics of the so-called swing vote that often decides the victors of presidential and other national elections. Former President Barack Obama believes that the country must do whatever it takes to eradicate gun violence... but he believes in an individuals right to bear arms. A full transcript of his 2013 remarks on gun violence are provided by ABC News.. In contrast, U.S. Senator John McCain, reaffirmed his unequivocal support of unfettered gun laws,  saying on the day of the Virginia Tech massacre: I do believe in the constitutional right that everyone has, in the  Second Amendment to the Constitution, to carry a weapon. Following the mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School and subsequent student-led protests in 2018, President Donald Trump tweeted on March 28: THE SECOND AMENDMENT WILL NEVER BE REPEALED!

Business Process Engineering for Transparent Workflow Weaving

This paper is a scholarly review of the article titled Implicit BPM: A Business Process Platform for Transparent Workflow Weaving. The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of workflow weaving with regard to integration of business management processes into organization’s applications.   The paper will also look at the relevancy of the conclusion of the article under review, to the business process management, as well as drawing comparisons between the ideas of other articles within the context of the focus topic with ideas advocated by the main article being reviewed.   Integration of the business process or workflow into existing organization’s application can be a costly affair to implement due to the limited interoperability capabilities of the organizations applications. This is occasioned by isolated nature of applications development that is not considerate of integration of business activities into one seamless platform for greater efficiency and performance. The under review therefore, put fort or suggest a concept of reducing the cost of integrating business process or workflow with the existing applications. To look at how this is achieved, we review relevant aspects or framework of the concept that leads to achievement of the set objective of the article. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014) The article opines that building business systems from scratch is no longer feasible and tenable considering the major business workflow overhaul required in order to implement an entirely new system. The integration process on the other hand requires combination of different innovations and designs that that again requires considerable amount of funds to implement. This assertion is true considering that any business activity implemented by an organization must first by affordable by the organization and secondly will improve the revenue bottom line of the implementing organization. For these reasons, many organizations tend to view business process integration project as a costly affair that may take time before the organization break even on the cost of the project. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014)   The article suggests a technique that will ease the process of integrating the business process with the organization’s applications. The Aspect oriented programming abbreviated as (AOP) technique suggested is viable option of resolving limitations due to generic nature of the integration process as well as the transparency limitations associated with the process of workflow and organizations integration. To further simplify the process of integration, the articles suggest a black-box approach to implement the Aspect Oriented Programming rather than a clear-box approach. The former approach indeed doesn’t require much detailed knowledge of the code internals of the program. It uses a wrapping technique that focus on simplest form of integration that is cost effective as opposed to detailed integration approach.   The authors of the article postulates that the workflow weaving technique they are proposing enables the integration of the business process in a transparent manner in that the technique does not require fundamental changes in the organizations applications and at the same time it can bring together a myriad of heterogeneous web applications into one platform as an integrated end product. Analyzing the concept it is easy to see that when an integration technique doesn’t require extensive changes, then the process is likely to be cost effective in manner that encourages business or organizations to adapt this technique when aiming to integrate their workflow or business processes. The article uses the example of two sample applications one of The Pet Store which is built on Java EE platform and a generic accounting application that manages the books and clients for an organization. The two applications which have been implemented using Model View Controller, MVC framework are i ntegrated together for seamless processing of the business workflow. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014) The resultant outcome of the fusing is an innovation that combines purchasing and accounting process in one platform. For example, from the Pet Store MVC application home page the user can search fro an item he or she intends to purchase. If the item is found or located, the same is added to the shopping cart where the client can proceed to checkout.   Once the payment as been confirmed, the accounting application also running on MVC approach is triggered and the book balance for the company is updated accordingly. The accounting application will then adjust stock and register the client. On its home page the accountant can be able to see the updated processes in the system thus making work easier for him or her.   This is an example of how the business process has been integrated into one interrelated platform for seamless running of the organizations activities. (Trkman et al., 2015) In isolated applications say with different purchasing application as well as the accounting ap plication, each business activity would have been handled separately. For example, when the item was searched and purchased by the client or the customer the accountant would have to physically look for the sales report to know which items were sold and the prices. The accountant would then proceed to include or update his system on actual book balance and number of items remaining probably to ensure the same is replenished. This is a tedious process that is simplified by integrated business processes. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014) The MVC approach utilized by this innovation allows black-box modeling approach that provide for codes injection at strategic points of the web application framework. Although the outcome is a generic model that lacks a distinct brand, it serves the purposes of integrating the organizations workflow. To provide better correspondence between the software i.e. the programs and the designs, the hardware material the innovation used in the example above uses the crosscutting interface. Analysis of this interface reveals a flexible approach that enables the integrated applications to work together while at the same time creating a contract between the intercepted system and the platform. This further make the process of integration easier and simple which can make business sense to organizations aiming to integrate their business processes.   In order to eliminate the need of having Aspect Oriented Program (AOP) expert at the IT department, the article proposed use of Domain Specific Language (DSL) in the integration process that inhibit the inherent complexities associated with AOP approach or technology. With DSL technology the organization will avoid dealing with underlying AOP framework. The use of DSL therefore reduces the amount of resources needed for implementation of this integrated business processes model. The fact that the organizations will have this advantage makes this innovation appealing to the business. (Seethamraju, 2012) The cost associated with employing different experts for the integrated innovation coupled by the benefits it brings to the organization is likely to make business sense to the management of the organizations. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014) The article has also implemented the business process management approach in order to realize the proposed innovation. The innovation has two separate parts the front –end and the back-end parts which are connected via web mechanism that not only makes the combination flexible but also scalable. With the front-end having interception and reflection components among other features, the innovation is capable of drawing up various relationships such as when a client initiates a search of a particular item the integrated system can be able to provide him or her with other similar items to the one being searched by the client. In effect what this means is that the client will have various options of similar product. (Seethamraju, 2012) This is a striking feature for any business which can make the idea of business process integration a worthwhile venture to invest on when you analyze it from business perspective. The back-end part of the innovation is the support part where the who le innovation gets various interpretations of command, coordination, and repository among other support features. To repository feature of this innovation is another plus for the innovation in businesswise as well as the general functioning of the innovation. This feature allows the innovation to keep memory of the actions or commands in the system for easier retrieval when the same action pattern is repeated. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014) One important feature of any innovation is the scalability option. With the web standard approach connection between the front-end and back-end that gives this innovation its scalability or extensibility feature, the innovation would be easier to be adopted by a growing organization. Growth and development is part of every organization. It will not be commercially viable to invest in an innovation that will require major changes when the organization expands or grows. At the back of every business decision is the financial benefit an investment has on business either directly or indirectly. This innovation sufficiently answers this question in that apart form streamlining the business process it can be scaled without major financial implications should the implementing organization expand. It worth noting that this is one of the challenges associated with the integration of the business workflow. With this feature it will be easier for the organization to buy into this innovation. (M ondà ©jar et al., 2014)   In its conclusion the article reiterate the importance of integrating business processes with the existing organization application into one system as well as acknowledging the cost implication of the process. This is relevant observation in business process management in that there is no evidence of an existence of business entity that is interested in making loses. The cost implication is always a fundamental question in every business decision and business processes integration is not an exception. The web platform of this innovation which enables it to enjoy various platforms such as cloud computing which comes with web applications platforms will further underline the issue of cost factor in this innovation. Comparing the ideas of this article with ideas of other similar article within the context of the topic under discussion; business processes management, a number of similarities and differences are noted. The book by Radelf Peterson titled â€Å"Using BPEL processes in Web Sphere Business Integration Server Foundation† postulates the same idea as the main article under review in that, they both focus on utilizing web based approaches that enables the innovation utilize the cloud computing. (Petrson, 2004) On the other El-Halwagi in his article have a solution which is not web based. This involves developing a BPM program from the scratch that overhauls the business process and applications. (El-Halwagi, 2006) It is suitable for startups which do not have existing application in place yet. As noted before in this review the cost-benefit analysis is always an important question to any business entity. The solutions with such wholesale changes would the make business case for new entities looking to launch operations for the first time. Systemic process improvement advocated by Mutafelija and Stromberg, is also in tandem with the ideas of the article under review. According to this book business process management should always have capabilities fo r continuous improvement. (Mutafelija and Stromberg, 2003) The web design of the innovation proposed by the main article under review and the fact that it uses black-box approach where only strategic interceptions are made, enable this innovation to be open to continuous improvement and scalability as noted by Mustafelija and Stromberg. (Mondà ©jar et al., 2014) In conclusion, that the use of web designs in this innovation among other features enables it to have desirable capabilities that will make organizations consider integrating their business processes without finding it challenging with the cost of the implementation of the program. The scalability feature of the proposed innovation is also on of the important aspect that breaths live to its implementation.   Al-Mashari, M. (2011). Business process management ? major challenges. Business Process Management Journal, 8(5). El-Halwagi, M. (2006). Process Integration. Burlington: Elsevier. Harmon, P. (2009). Business Process Change. New York: Elsevier. Mahmoodzadeh, E., Jalalinia, S. and Nekui Yazdi, F. (2009). A business process outsourcing framework based on business process management and knowledge management. Business Process Management Journal, 15(6), pp.845-864. Marjanovic, O. and Freeze, R. (2012). Knowledge-Intensive Business Process: Deriving a Sustainable Competitive Advantage through Business Process Management and Knowledge Management Integration. Knowledge and Process Management, 19(4), pp.180-188. Mondà ©jar, R., Garcà ­a-Là ³pez, P., Pairot, C. and Brull, E. (2014). Implicit BPM: A Business Process Platform for Transparent Workflow Weaving. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp.168-183. Mutafelija, B. and Stromberg, H. (2003). Systematic process improvement using ISO 9001:2000 and CMMI. Boston: Artech House. Petrson, R. (2004). Using BPEL processes in WebSphere Business Integration Server Foundation. 1st ed. [Place of publication not identified]: IBM, International Technical Support Organization, pp.7-23. Seethamraju, R. (2012). Business process management: a missing link in business education. Business Process Management Journal, 18(3), pp.532-547. Trkman, P., Mertens, W., Viaene, S. and Gemmel, P. (2015). From business process management to customer process management. Business Process Management Journal, 21(2), pp.250-266. Wysocki, R. (2004). Project management process improvement. Boston: Artech House.

Nursing- breast cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Nursing- breast cancer - Essay Example Table 1 represent estimated breast cancer cases and deaths worldwide (see appendix). About three fourths of all women with cancer cases will be diagnosed invasive breast cancer (Stages I-IV). The chance of developing invasive breast cancer during a womans lifetime is approximately 1 in 7 (13.4%). Another one fourth will be diagnosed with in situ breast cancer, a very early form of the disease. Though much less common, breast cancer also occurs in men /National Breast Cancer Centre, 2005/. The incidence rate of breast cancer (number of new breast cancers per 100,000 women) increased by approximately 4% during the 1980s but levelled off a bit in the 1990s /National Breast Cancer Centre, 2005/.The death rates from breast cancer also declined significantly between 1992 and 1996, with the largest decreases among younger women. Medical experts impute the decline in breast cancer deaths to earlier detection and more efficient treatments. Let’s investigate and sum up the causes of breast cancer. Although, there are a number of researches devoted to the causes of this severe disease and the ways of reducing its chances, it’s obvious that we still can’t prevent it. However, these researches worked out the list of factors that affect our health and may cause the development of the breast cancer. All these factors belong either to â€Å"external† or â€Å"internal† environments /Breast Health, 2006/. â€Å"Internal environment† includes a number of things inside our bodies that influence our health, for example, genetics, hormones, illnesses, and feelings and thoughts. â€Å"External environment† relates to the things of the outer world that influence people’s health, such as air, water, food, danger, noise, people, and stress. Some of the above mentioned factors, such as genetic makeup and the medicines taken, have a very direct effect on the breast health. The impact of other, indirect factors, such as

Dual Protection - Design and Copyright Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Dual Protection - Design and Copyright - Essay Example Besides, under what circumstances can dual protection are offered. Body Firstly, it is important to understand the differences between copyright protection and design protection. Though both are intellectual property and both aim to protect the rights of the IP holder, the objectives and techniques of protection of each would differ. The copyright protection would aim to protect the designer from any abuse of his or her rights whether or not the particular property has been registered or not. On the other hand, the industrial design would aim to provide security to the industry. Hence, simply based on their means of protection, there would be divergences. With relation to the duration of protection, copyright laws ensure an almost perpetual protection, whereas the design laws would only protect for a specific duration. Design laws have to be renewed every 5 years and to a maximum of 25 years in total. Hence, even if copyright and designs could be applied simultaneously, once the desi gn term is over, hardly anybody would be interested in the copyright existing. Another important difference is regarding the infringement processes associated with the design. Designs do offer protection even from innocent violators who may not know that a particular design is already registered and is protected. On the other hand, copyright provides for a wider fair use circle that would effectively protect innocent and non-commercial users. By the very nature of the mechanism of protection, it can be asserted that both designs and copyrights are present for different purposes. The next important difference is the extent of protection, though copyright would protect only expressions of ideas and not ideas, it protects the design in every conceivable form including when it may be used in a 2-dimensional or a 3-dimensional form. However, a design would only protect the appearance or the aesthetic appearance to the article for which it is registered. The final difference noted is that copyright does not require a registration process due to which 99% of all designs are actually registered by this mechanism. This has lead to protection of designs for longer duration and in all conceivable forms3. The dual level of protection has arisen from the definition of artistic work4 under the copyright Act and the general definition of design under the Design Act (Section 1)5. The criteria for fulfilling copyright, is that the work should be original and should have been created by the author, and there it is not necessary that the work be registered. Artistic work more often represents visual representations of intellectual work or ideas to be presented in a material form. One possibility is that drawings or works of craftsmanship which is in fact artistic work may also be design drawings of industrial products or articles of manufacture of various goods. Copyright law offers certain rights to the owner including the right to make copies of the work, the right to distribu te or communicate the work to the public, the right to translate or reproduce the work from one form to another (e.g. from a 2-dimensional work to a

Methodist Church :: essays research papers

The United Methodist Church My home church is United Methodist. I have gone there ever since I was a child because that is where my mother went to church. Through researching this paper I found many interesting things about my church. There are many points and issues I agree with and many I disagree with. Writing this really made me think about my denomination closely and if it’s the right one for me. The United Methodist Church shares a common history and heritage with other Methodist and Wesleyan bodies. The lives and ministries of John Wesley and of his brother, Charles, mark the origin of their common roots. Both John and Charles were Church of England missionaries to the colony of Georgia, arriving in March 1736. It was their only occasion to visit America. Their mission was far from an unqualified success, and both returned to England disillusioned and discouraged, Charles in December 1736, and John in February 1738. Both of the Wesley brothers had transforming religious experiences in May 1738. In the years following, the Wesleys succeeded in leading a lively renewal movement in the Church of England. As the Methodist movement grew, it became apparent that their ministry would spread to the American colonies as some Methodists made the exhausting and hazardous Atlantic voyage to the New World. Organized Methodism in America began as a lay movement. Among its earliest leaders were Robert Strawbridge, an immigrant farmer who organized work about 1760 in Maryland and Virginia, Philip Embury and his cousin, Barbara Heck, who began work in New York in 1766, and Captain Thomas Webb, whose labors were instrumental in Methodist beginnings in Philadelphia in 1767. The American Revolution had a profound impact on Methodism. John Wesley’s Toryism and his writings against the revolutionary cause did not enhance the image of Methodism among many who supported independence. Furthermore, a number of Methodist preachers refused to bear arms to aid the patriots. When independence from England had been won, Wesley recognized that changes were necessary in American Methodism. He sent Thomas Coke to America to superintend the work with Asbury. Coke brought with him a prayer book titled The Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America, prepared by Wesley and incorporating his revision of the Church of England’s Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion. Two other preachers, Richard Whatcoat and Thomas Vasey, whom Wesley had ordained, accompanied Coke.

Trim Store Sop

SOP for Trims & Stationary Store Trims & Stationary Store Objectives: * Storage of all the various trims and stationeries that comes with detailed data. * Ensure no short supply of various trims before bulk production. Activities: * Pre-Trims & Stationeries Receive Activities: The monthly planner for trims in-house should come to the store in-charge with the weekly updates and changes should be communicated at the very instant of the occurrence. The trims purchase team should make sure to in-house the planned trims at least before 20 days to carry out pilot run and for bulk maximum 5 days.After receiving the requirement list from the purchase team it is the duty of the trim store in charge to follow up the status of the ordered trims. If in case trim is late from the planned date of receiving then the same should be intimated to the planning, cutting, and merchandiser so that the necessary steps can be taken to acquire the trim before production starts. NOTE: The stock of stationerie s should be checked time to time so as to avoid any situation of shortage. * Trims/Stationary Receive: Unloading the trims: Unloading should be done in the presence of the store in charge/supervisor.The supplier invoice or the transporters copy of the Delivery Challan should be checked by the trims store in charge and then unloading should be done in the designated area. The received trims quantity should be cross checked against the supplier packing list while unloading and should be verified by the store incharge. If quantity is less, the transporters are informed and it is recorded on Delivery Challan. The Invoice copy should be filed in â€Å"Daily trims/stationary receive file† and at the end of the day material inward details should be updated by the store incharge.The information of trims received against the Purchase No. is informed to the purchase person and the concerned merchandiser. A swatch card of a trim of every kind received for a particular order should be se nt to the merchandiser handling that buyer for approval. Once approved it should be prominently displayed on the trim store board. * Trims Inspection * The trims should be kept on the inspection table before checking. * The trims should be inspected to cross check the purchased quantity to the actual quantity received. 100% inspection should be done for each trims received. * Make full use of the Count & Weight M/c to know the actual number of particular trims received. * In case of zippers the length of each should be measured and those not conforming should be separated and exchanged. * Keeping the trims in racks after Inspection: * Depending on the order quantity a rack box (upto 3500 garments), 2 rack boxes (3500-8000 garments) or a column(more than 8000 garments) in a rack is allotted for a particular style. A board should be attached to it clearly stating the style number. A stock card should also be affixed along with it duly filled with the required quantity for each trim in that order. * When the inspection for a trim for a particular order is completed and the received trim is â€Å"OK†, it should be kept in the rack allotted for that particular order. * All the trims being loaded on to the rack after inspection should be entered into the stock card carefully mentioning the order quantity received and date of receival. * If any trim is already available in stock the required quantity for that order is counted and kept on the rack dedicated for that order.On the swatch card it should be mentioned that the trim was â€Å"IN STOCK†. * All trims movement should be done carefully. * Issue trims to various departments * Trims should be issued only against the requisition slip. * Exact number of trims should be issued. No extra trims should be issued. * As soon as the copy of cut parts issued is received from the cutting room the required amount of trims for stitching that quantity of garments should be fetched from the respective racks. They should all be ready in one carton so that as soon as the line feeder comes with a requisition from bundling the trims are issued. The trims required for packing can be issued only three times a day in the allocated time slot. * As soon as some trim is taken off the rack for issuing, the issued quantity along with quantity left on the rack should be updated in the stock card. * Returned trims * The returned trims should be kept in the returned trims storage area only. * Records should be maintained about the returned trims along with the departments from where those are coming. * If those trims are style specific they should be disposed off 2 months after the shipment is sent with a consent from the merchandising department. Keeping of stationary * As soon as the stationary received it is cross checked with the order quantity. * It is then kept on the stationary rack segregated according to the type. * The same is recorded on the stock card mentioning the received quantity and date. * Issuing of Stationary Stationery should be issued only against a requisition slip. As soon as any kind of stationary is issued the stock card should be updated noting down the issued quantity and quantity left. As soon as the quantity left reaches the danger zone an order should be placed for it.

A Career as a Software Engineer Essays - 1087 Words

Being a Software Engineer is more than just programming. It’s a chance to help other people through the power of technology. Having this as a job gives engineers the power to influence other peoples life through programs that could help them with day to day tasks. Software Engineering is an expanding occupation, which means that more and more jobs are opening up for this position everyday. Also, one of the perks of this job is how much money you make. Software Engineering is a good job because, the market is expanding for it, it pays well, and this job can help other people. Becoming a Software Engineer is not the easiest of tasks. To become a Software Engineer you would usually major in Computer Science (CUnet 1). A Computer Science†¦show more content†¦One of the skills that a Software Engineer needs is to have good communication. If a Software Engineer does not have good communication skills, how are they supposed to communicate with your boss, or talk to other eng ineers about a large project that is due (Career Focus 2)? Another skill Software Engineers need to have experience in programming, without this skill, Software Engineering is basically useless. Having experience in programming is a skill that Software Engineers need to know because this is the skill that will help an engineer build programs (Career Focus 2). Software Engineers need to be product oriented people, being product oriented is important because without this skill engineers won’t get anything done, they will be focused on other things when they need to be focused on their task is (Career Focus 2). Software Engineers need to have knowledge of different programming languages, different languages do different things and if an engineer only knows one of many different languages then they will be limited on the work that they are assigned (CUnet 2). The most important skill a Software Engineer needs to have is to keep up with changing technology; if a software engineer can not keep up with the rapidly changing technology they are going to be limited on what they can do (CareerShow MoreRelatedApplication For A Software Engineer For My Career1771 Words   |  8 Pages I want to be a software engineer for my career. One reason why I chose this career was that you just sit at a computer for most of the time. Another is that it pays well. The job fits my interests in math and science very well. I would also be good at the problem solving that I will have to do. I also have a lot of background knowledge in programming anyway which would be a good start. 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